According to a report by Peninsula Metropolis Daily, jellyfish stings have occurred in Qingdao for 2 days:
At about 6 pm on August 3, 2014, an 8-year-old boy was stung by jellyfish while swimming with his family in Qingdao’s 6th Bathing Beach. The initial symptoms were mild, but he died after passing through two hospitals.
On 4 August, Xiao Zou, a Jiangxi student from Henan University of Science and Technology, went to Qingdao to attend a college student forum. After reporting for duty, I swam with my companions at the Shilaoren Bathing Beach at about 3 pm. Stung in the leg, When he moved to the third hospital, the doctor found that Xiao Zou had already suffered from anaphylactic shock, and his blood pressure quickly dropped off the shelf. The doctor immediately used desensitizing drugs, pressurizing drugs and other first aid drugs as well as various first aid measures. However, due to the rapid development of Xiao Zou’s condition, pulmonary edema caused dyspnea and eventually died of respiratory failure.
I. Jellyfish and Its Injury Mechanism
Jellyfish, also known as jellyfish. Jellyfish tentacles have dense stingy sacs on their tentacles. Each stinger sac consists of a toxic balloon and curved tapered thorns. Once stung, The lethal mechanism of jellyfish is mainly anaphylactic shock caused by toxins (related to personal constitution), followed by direct toxicity of toxins (such as box jellyfish in Australian waters, which is highly toxic and can cause death within minutes).
2. Clinical Manifestations of Jellyfish Injury
Local symptoms: The skin is red, brown or purple after sting, with burning tingling and pruritus.
Systemic poisoning symptoms: nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, fatigue, arthralgia, etc.
Fatal signs (anaphylactic shock): rapidly spreading urticaria symptoms, Hericium erinaceus swelling, dyspnea, mental changes, shock, and even cardiac arrest.
Three, on-site first aid treatment
1. Calm down and leave the jellyfish area quickly.
2. Removal of tentacles: Rinse with vinegar or seawater, remove tentacles with tweezers or sticks, or wear gloves to protect and remove tentacles. Do not directly contact tentacles or stung parts with hands.
3. Inhibition of toxin release: Soaking or rinsing with seawater or vinegar for 15-30 minutes can inhibit the activated stinger capsule from releasing toxin. (There are reports in China that baking soda can also be used for rinsing.)
Remember, before removing jellyfish stinging sac and tentacles, do not rinse with fresh water, do not rinse with alkaline liquid, do not apply hot compress or cold compress, do not rub and massage, do not wipe with towel, and avoid contact with sand at the stung area, because these measures may stimulate and accelerate toxin release.
4. Inhibit the activation of the prickle sac: Apply shaving cream or soda cream to prevent the inactivated prickle sac from releasing toxins.
5. Shave out the prickly silk sac. You can use razors or bank cards and other card items.
6. Reduce pain and irritation. After the above treatment, soak in hot water for 20 minutes. The hotter the hot water, the better (tolerable and non-scalding temperature, not more than 45 C is recommended). Acetaminophen can be taken to relieve pain.
7. Alleviate itching allergic symptoms. Antihistamines such as chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine and loratadine; Hormones such as hydrocortisone ointment.
8. Severe stings need dressing to prevent infection.
9. Eye stings can be rinsed with artificial tears. Wipe the skin around the eyes with towel soaked in acetic acid. Do not let acetic acid enter the eyes. Rinse the mouth with diluted acetic acid and spit it out.
10. After on-site first aid treatment, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time!
Four, misunderstanding
The following methods are useless or unscientifically proven and are not recommended.
A. Human urine
B. Tender Meat Powder
C. Solvents such as formalin, alcohol, gasoline
D. Pressure bandages