Many people have heard the saying that [it is easy to get hepatitis B if you eat out often, and it is best to take a vaccine to prevent it], so you can’t even attend a restaurant happily without a good physical examination and vaccine?
Today, I will tell you about hepatitis B prevention. What should I do? Is the vaccine useful?
How is hepatitis B infected?
First of all, friends who often eat out need not be nervous. The statement that [eating out] is prone to hepatitis B infection is untenable.
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by infection with hepatitis B virus, but the infectious ability of this pathogen is limited. Its three modes of transmission are blood transmission, mother-to-child transmission and sexual contact. Daily work and life, common meals, shared dormitories, hugs, kisses, etc. generally do not lead to infection.
Moreover, as adults have a perfect immune system, in 90% of cases, even if adults are infected with hepatitis B virus, they can completely remove it and naturally obtain protective antibodies. Even you have no feeling of this process.
Is it necessary to vaccinate hepatitis B vaccine?
So hepatitis B is not worth worrying about, and hepatitis B vaccine is completely a superfluous thing?
No, no, no!
China is a big country with chronic hepatitis in the world. About 90 million people have hepatitis B virus in their bodies, of which 28 million are chronic hepatitis requiring treatment. The main source of this huge number is mother-to-child transmission.
Because although the threat of hepatitis B virus to adults is limited, it is easy to become chronic in infants with imperfect immune system, and then it will be carried for life or suddenly develop at a certain time.
In the 2014 hepatitis B epidemiological survey, it was found that the younger the population in our country, the lower the infection rate of hepatitis B. This is the result of the promotion of hepatitis B vaccination in the past few decades. According to the data of the World Health Organization, hepatitis B vaccine has reduced the proportion of future flowers in our country infected with hepatitis B by 97%!
These people recommend vaccination against hepatitis B
So who is the person who needs hepatitis B vaccination? There are mainly three types:
1. Newborns
Newborns are the most important target of hepatitis B vaccination. No matter whether their mothers carry hepatitis B virus or not, they should be vaccinated within 24 hours of birth.
2. Infants and children and non-immunized population under 15 years old
The immune system is not so complete that it cannot effectively prevent hepatitis B virus infection, so vaccination is also needed to obtain protective antibodies.
3. High-risk groups
It is mainly for people who may be exposed to a large amount of hepatitis B virus and whose immune system may not have time to resist:
- People who are in regular contact with blood; Medical personnel; Nursery staff; Organ transplant recipients or those who often receive blood transfusion or blood products; People with low immune function; Family members of hepatitis B positive patients; Multiple sexual partners or intravenous drug users.
People who do not need hepatitis B vaccine
1. People infected with hepatitis B virus
Including hepatitis B virus carrying status (hepatitis B surface antigen positive, HBsAg+)and hidden infection (positive for hepatitis B core antibody or E antigen, HBcAb+ or HBeAg+), Even if vaccinated, antibodies against hepatitis B cannot be obtained.
2. People who have obtained protective antibodies against hepatitis B virus
That is, the surface antibody positive person (HBsAb +) no longer needs vaccination to obtain immunity.
Do ordinary people want to be vaccinated?
If a healthy adult does not belong to a high-risk group, but no hepatitis B surface antibody has been found, should he be vaccinated?
This is up to you to choose. As long as you don’t have high-risk behaviors, you are basically still easy to rest easy. For example, even if you kiss a hepatitis B carrier, as long as you two don’t bite your mouth at the same time to cause blood contact, it is actually unlikely to be contagious.
Of course, if you want to be more relieved, you can also carry out hepatitis B vaccination, as long as you remember to follow the 0, 1, 6-month procedure standard vaccination.
Therefore, when eating out, it is better to worry about contracting hepatitis B than to spend time choosing a hygienic restaurant, but it is still right to attach importance to the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine!