Abortion, a regrettable ending, actually accounts for 15% ~ 20% of all pregnancies. Once abortion occurs, the mother’s physical and mental health and family happiness will be greatly affected.
Unfortunately, the following five categories of women may have to take greater risks than others, and they need to be more careful in pregnancy.
I. Women with [History of Adverse Pregnancy]
The term “adverse pregnancy history” here refers specifically to abortion caused by fetal chromosome abnormalities.
Fetal chromosome abnormality is the most common cause of abortion, and the common causes are [trisomy abnormality] [X monomer abnormality], etc.
Abortion caused by chromosome abnormalities usually occurs in the first 3 months of pregnancy, accounting for 50% ~ 60% of early abortion (12 weeks ago); Almost 30% of late abortions (12-27 weeks) are due to chromosomal abnormalities.
What should I do if there has been such a situation?
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Before pregnancy, husband and wife go to have a chromosome examination together. If either party has chromosome abnormalities, they should consult a doctor before considering pregnancy.
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At 9 ~ 14 weeks of pregnancy, ultrasound examination should be performed to eliminate serious fetal malformation, such as anencephaly, etc.
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During the 15 ~ 20 weeks of pregnancy, the risk of this pregnancy can be estimated by Down’s screening, non-invasive NDA examination, amniocentesis and other methods.
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At the 18th to 24th weeks of pregnancy, ultrasound examination is performed to screen fetal abnormalities, because fetal structural abnormalities caused by chromosome abnormalities can already be observed.
In addition, the egg quality of elderly parturients decreases and the probability of fetal chromosome abnormalities increases, so it is still necessary to give birth as early as possible.
Second, women with endocrine abnormalities
The following [endocrine abnormalities] may cause abortion during pregnancy:
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Insufficiency of corpus luteum function;
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Placental dysfunction;
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Diabetes mellitus;
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Pregnancy complicated with hyperthyroidism, etc.
If there is such a situation, what should I do?
We need not be too nervous about this. These situations are basically easy to control.
However, [easy control] does not mean that it is not important. If these problems cannot be taken seriously, if you do not follow the doctor’s advice, or even go to see a doctor at all, you will not be able to do so.
Only by cooperating with doctors and actively treating these diseases can babies and pregnant mothers be safe and healthy.
Among them, as there are relatively more pregnant mothers suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus, here is an example to focus on the specific [how to do].
During pregnancy, no matter what kind of [diabetes] the pregnant mother suffers from, as long as the blood sugar is not well controlled, the incidence of abortion will increase by 15% ~ 30%. In this case, macrosomia, fetal malformation, neonatal hypoglycemia, etc.
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Control blood sugar before pregnancy: If you have diabetes before pregnancy, you must control blood sugar under the guidance of a doctor before pregnancy;
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Early control and hospitalization when necessary: to strive for the early stage when the blood sugar level is too high, the rising trend should be curbed by diet and exercise. If the blood sugar level during pregnancy is too high, hospitalization adjustment should be made under the guidance of doctors.
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Proper use of insulin: Insulin is not a scourge. If it is used, it does not mean [serious illness]. Insulin therapy is a normal method and it is safe to use it under the guidance of doctors.
Third, women with abnormal reproductive organ structure
In this part, we mainly talk about [hysteromyoma] and [cervical insufficiency]. In addition, relatively rare uterine dysplasia, mediastinal uterus, bicorn uterus, uterine mediastinal and other congenital uterine structural abnormalities, also easy to cause abortion. These situations are generally found in physical examination or medical treatment through some examinations.
1. Hysteromyoma
The incidence rate of hysteromyoma in women exceeds 20%, which can be said to bring a lot of troubles to many women who are preparing for pregnancy.
In fact, there are many types of hysteromyoma, one of which is called [submucosal hysteromyoma], which causes abortion by affecting embryo implantation development.
2. Cervical insufficiency
After pregnancy, the uterus is like a big cloth bag, and the cervix is like the opening of the cloth bag. When the opening is not tight, [cervical insufficiency] will occur, which is easy to lead to abortion.
Cervical laceration, cervical surgery history, cervical internal orifice relaxation and other conditions are easy to cause cervical insufficiency.
If there is such a situation, what should I do?
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We must do a good job of pre-pregnancy examination and deal with problems found in time.
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Hysteromyoma is not a taboo for pregnancy, but before pregnancy, it is best to talk to a doctor and assess the risk of abortion together.
4. Women Infected with Certain Pathogens
The infection that needs to be paid attention to most during pregnancy is the [TORCH] that we often hear during pregnancy tests.
TORCH is an abbreviation for a group of microbial infections during pregnancy, namely:
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T-Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasma gondii)
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O-Others (including chlamydia, etc.)
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R-rubella virus (Rubella virus)
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C-cytomegalo virus (Cytomegalo virus)
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H-herpes simplex virus (Herps simplex virus)
Since they have little effect on the mother, it is difficult for us to find out whether they are infected unless they are specially examined.
However, they can directly infect the fetus, lead to abortion, and are also likely to lead to fetal malformation, so they are high-risk factors for abortion.
If there is such a situation, what should I do?
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Standardize prenatal examination and find such infections through early examination;
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During pregnancy, avoid eating raw and unclean food;
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Don’t keep new pets or contact other animals during pregnancy-and if it is a pet kept before pregnancy, just vaccinate and do a good job of cleaning.
In addition, it is added that the pelvic cavity and uterus infection caused by irregular induced abortion often cannot be felt by the mother herself, but it may also cause abortion.
Therefore, taking protective measures to avoid induced abortion is not only a protection for oneself, but also a powerful measure to prevent abortion.
V. Women Exposed to [Risk Factors]
Smoking, drugs, alcohol abuse and excessive drinking of coffee are extremely unfavorable factors for both the fetus and the mother. I believe everyone will pay attention to them.
Living and working environment is also a very important point. Excessive exposure to radiation, lead, arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, some organic solvents, etc. can also lead to abortion. Therefore, it may be necessary to avoid exposure to certain types of washing products during pregnancy.
If there is such a situation, what should I do?
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Stay away from alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
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Drink coffee in an appropriate amount and pay attention to the ingredient label. It is safe not to exceed 200 mg caffeine per day.
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If pregnant mothers are engaged in special work, such as laboratory researchers or workers in some factories, they should take timely rest to reduce contact with toxic substances or suspend work after pregnancy.
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Home decoration building materials, must choose formal qualified products.
Having said so much, I hope I can help some pregnant mothers to feel relieved: we can control some problems, but many situations are not under our control.
For example, if the baby’s chromosome is abnormal, even if we try our best to keep it, it may not help. Even if the baby really survives by luck, serious congenital defects will cast a shadow on their life.
What we can do is to control those situations that can be controlled, actively prevent and treat them, and cooperate with doctors.
Pray that a beautiful pregnancy will come next time.