We know that the blood sugar level is constantly changing, and factors such as diet and exercise will affect the blood sugar level. Therefore, it is important to measure the blood sugar level during the what period.
Random blood glucose test
Literally, the word “random” means that this examination is not affected by the time period and can be carried out at any time. Compared with the other two tests, this is the most convenient blood sugar measurement method.
Through this examination, if the blood sugar level of the subject is greater than 11.1 mmol/L, diabetes can be diagnosed. If the blood sugar level is still high, diabetes can be diagnosed by randomly measuring the blood sugar level twice at a later date.
Fasting blood glucose test
This examination is usually carried out 10 hours after eating dinner, because the blood sugar at this time is minimally affected by food.
If the fasting blood glucose level of the subject is greater than 7 mmol/L, diabetes can be diagnosed. Combined with random blood glucose test, if the random blood glucose level is greater than 11.1 mmol/L, diabetes can be diagnosed.
Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
This test requires the subject to drink 75 grams of glucose powder after measuring fasting blood sugar, and then measure the change of blood sugar level. Generally, we check the blood sugar level 1 hour and 2 hours after taking glucose powder. According to the fasting and 2 hours blood sugar level, we can judge whether the subject has diabetes.
(1) The blood glucose level is higher than the normal range, but it cannot be classified into the range of diabetes. Clinically, this part of patients are diagnosed as [impaired glucose tolerance].
(2) In OGTT test, the blood sugar value of 1 hour after meal cannot be used as the standard for diagnosing diabetes, but if the blood sugar value at this time is greater than 10 mmol/L, even if the two standards of fasting and 2 hour blood sugar value are finally judged as normal blood sugar, it cannot be taken lightly.
This rapid increase and decrease in postprandial blood sugar can be seen in patients with hyperthyroidism and subtotal gastrectomy. These people have the [potential] to develop diabetes and need to pay special attention to changes in their blood sugar level.
(3) OGTT test is a more accurate diagnostic method, through which information that cannot be known by random blood glucose test and fasting blood glucose test can also be obtained.
(4) When OGTT test is carried out, if the insulin levels of fasting, 1 hour after meal and 2 hours after meal are measured at the same time, it is also helpful to understand the relationship between the intake and insulin secretion of the subjects.
[Impaired Glucose Tolerance] Is an Early Warning Card for Diabetes
When I first heard of myself [impaired glucose tolerance], everyone’s reaction was different.