China has finally approved the listing of the first HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.
In China, there are about 130,000 new cases of cervical cancer every year. Globally, on average, one patient is detected every minute and one woman dies of cervical cancer every two minutes.
The approval of the vaccine for listing in China means that starting from next year, there may be no need to go to Hong Kong or abroad for a shot of vaccine.
Should what be vaccinated at his age?
How many vaccines is it better to choose?
Can men also be vaccinated?
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There are many questions about cervical cancer vaccine, here are answers from professionals:
Can 28-year-old women who have sex be vaccinated against cervical cancer?
Tian Jishun (Obstetrician and Gynecologist of Clove Clinic) A:
Injections may still be useful, but from the perspective of cost performance, I do not recommend them for the following reasons:
1. The recommended age for vaccination is 9-12 years old, and replanting can be carried out for 13-26 years old. The best vaccination is before the first sexual life. Although there are guidelines that 3 doses of HPV vaccine for women aged 27-45 years old also have certain preventive effects, the benefits will be reduced.
2. If you have sex, you may have been infected with HPV. If you have been infected, the effect of vaccination is obviously much smaller.
3. Judging from the cost-benefit ratio, vaccination at a young age will take longer to benefit. The older you get, the less money you spend, the shorter the benefit time, which is not cost-effective.
4. Cervical cancer can be screened. According to the screening strategy of cervical cancer, there is a great chance to find the problem before it develops to cervical cancer, and then solve it as soon as possible, which can also prevent the development to cervical cancer.
Which should I choose between [bivalent] and [bivalent] vaccines?
Tao Lina (Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention) Answer:
GlaxoSmithKline’s bivalent vaccine is on the market this time, which only prevents types 16 and 18 viruses, but for cervical cancer, these two types of viruses are the most harmful.
Mercadon’s 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines can also prevent the type 2 virus.
Judging from the current research, Mercadon’s vaccine antibody effect is slightly inferior to GlaxoSmithKline’s bivalent vaccine, but there is no evidence as to whether the actual prevention effect is also slightly inferior.
Since 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines also prevent other types, I personally prefer to use 9-valent vaccines. However, Mercadon vaccine is not listed on the mainland, and the specific date of listing cannot be determined.
If it is more convenient to go to Hong Kong, it is suggested that you can get a 9-valent vaccine. If it is not very convenient, then wait for the first half of next year after the market, vaccinate bivalent vaccine.
There is no need to detect HPV infection before inoculation.
Is Hong Kong’s vaccine better? Can’t you get cervical cancer after being vaccinated?
Tian Jishun (Obstetrician and Gynecologist of Clove Clinic) A:
Judging from the news, bivalent vaccines are listed in China, while HPV vaccines in Hong Kong or abroad have 4-valent or 9-valent vaccines, which means more HPV types are targeted.
In terms of coverage, Hong Kong and foreign countries are indeed better. Apart from cervical cancer, they can also prevent vaginal cancer, anal cancer and genital warts. However, cervical cancer is only targeted in China.
However, the effectiveness of preventing cervical cancer in China and Hong Kong is the same.
It is not to say that cervical cancer can be prevented by vaccination. The two subtypes targeted by domestic vaccines have led to 70% of cervical cancer. Vaccines can reduce the incidence of this part of cervical cancer. However, HPV, which causes cervical cancer, has other subtypes and is not within the scope of prevention (4-valent and 9-valent cannot be completely covered).
Therefore, even if HPV vaccine is vaccinated, cervical cancer screening should be carried out according to the regular cervical cancer screening strategy.
What is the significance of the approval of cervical cancer vaccine for public health in China?
Tao Lina (Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention) Answer:
This meaning can be seen from three aspects.
First, residents of mainland China will finally be able to connect with the world in 10 years and be vaccinated against cervical cancer (initially connected, 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines are not yet on the market);
Second, the road to the listing of cervical cancer vaccines is bumpy. Its essence is a game between China’s drug regulatory concept and the world’s mainstream concept. I hope this can provide new regulatory concepts for the listing of other vaccines or drugs.
Third, cervical cancer vaccine is targeted at teenagers and adults.
I think this vaccine can change the old public concept that vaccines are only needed for children, establish a new concept that everyone needs vaccine protection, and highlight the public health value of vaccines.
Is it true that men can also be vaccinated against HPV?
Tian Jishun (Obstetrician and Gynecologist of Clove Clinic) A:
The bivalent vaccine approved for listing in China is only suitable for types 16 and 18, so it is only suitable for women.
However, the 4-valent and 9-valent HPV vaccines listed in Hong Kong and abroad can indeed be vaccinated by men, which can prevent anal cancer, penis cancer and genital warts.
However, due to the low incidence rate of male-related malignant diseases, due to the consideration of cost-benefit ratio, some people also think that the cost-performance ratio is not high and the necessity is not great.
If men are vaccinated with HPV vaccine, it is recommended to vaccinate with 9-valent instead of 4-valent because the coverage is larger.
Age recommended 9 ~ 12 years old, have not been vaccinated before, 13 ~ 21 years old can also be replanted. The best time to vaccinate is before the first sex life, if you have sex life, you can also play within the vaccination age, but the benefits will be reduced. 22 ~ 26 years old vaccination, foreign insurance does not cover.
Five Things You Need to Know About Cervical Cancer Vaccine
1. After vaccination, there may be some minor side effects, such as rash, swelling and pain at the injection site, or allergic reactions. There are also very few serious side effects.
2. Pregnant women, acute infection and immune deficiency should not be vaccinated.
3. There are a total of three injections of HPV vaccine. According to the current Hong Kong price, the price of each injection is about 900 yuan RMB.
4. The first injection can be given at any time, the second injection is given two months after the first injection, and the third injection is given six months after the first injection. That is to say, the whole course of treatment will last for half a year.
5. In addition to vaccines, regular screening is also very important. One-fourth of cervical cancer patients in our country have never been screened before detection, resulting in missed opportunities for early detection and treatment.