These days everyone is sick, not a depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and other diseases, are embarrassed to go out to meet people. There are also some people who use these to interfere with others, such as the recently popular red dot of friends circle avatar, many people said very mad not calm.
So what is obsessive-compulsive disorder like and how should it be treated?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a kind of neurosis which is difficult to cure clinically and has poor prognosis. The course of the disease is prolonged and the improvement of symptoms is slow. If timely and correct diagnosis and treatment are not obtained, the normal life and work of patients will be seriously affected, bringing great pain and burden to patients and their families. What makes people sigh is that many patients commit suicide to seek relief due to obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms.
At present, exposure and response prevention therapy (ERP), cognitive therapy and drug therapy are proved to be the most effective treatment methods for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Those celebrity obsessive-compulsive disorder patients
1. Howard HughesThe most obsessive-compulsive celebrity in history is Howard Hughes, He is a famous American aviation engineer, entrepreneur and film director. Mention his name, No one in the United States knows anything about it. However, It was this genius who combined myth and weirdness that suffered from obsessive-compulsive disorder in middle age. Fearing dust and bacteria from the outside world, He sealed the doors and windows of his room with plastic cloth, In order to get an item, He had to use six to eight napkins, and even his favorite beans had to be sorted by size with a special fork before eating them. This is a typical manifestation of OCD and OCD. Finally, Hughes was haggard and illegible due to obsessive-compulsive disorder and heavy dependence on cocaine. When he died, he had to rely on fingerprints to identify himself.2. Charles DickensCharles Dickens, the greatest writer of the nineteenth century, He combs his hair hundreds of times a day, In normal times, he likes to touch something three times. Think it will bring good luck, When he sleeps, he likes to face his head toward the North Pole. I think this can inspire his creative inspiration. < strong > 3. Beckham This British football prince must be familiar to everyone. Pass the ball accurately, Free kick footwork is unique in the world. Beckham, who can be called a perfect player, is also an absolute pursuit of perfection at home. In an interview, When I set things up, Either line them up in a straight line, Or it must be in pairs. I will put Pepsi in the refrigerator. If there is just one more can, I will put it in another cupboard.] Seeing that celebrities also have obsessive-compulsive disorder, do you think that you can suddenly understand yourself who keeps tidying up the room, all the items must be put in order according to color, the room must be kept clean and tidy, cleaning the room and tidying up the items in the room over and over again?
What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a neuropsychiatric disease characterized by obsessive-compulsive concept and/or obsessive-compulsive behavior. Patients are always troubled by invasive thinking. Patients often feel uneasy, panic or worry, so as to reduce anxiety and relieve oppression through certain behaviors. The basic symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder are obsessive-compulsive concept and obsessive-compulsive behavior.
Obsessive-compulsive concepts are invasive and unnecessary thoughts (such as pollution), appearances (such as violent images) or intentions (such as stabbing someone) that repeatedly appear in the patient’s mind at any time and cause the patient to suffer or worry. Patients try to ignore or suppress these obsessive-compulsive concepts with other thoughts or behaviors, but often they are at a loss.
Obsessive-compulsive behavior or compulsive ritual is the behavior (such as washing hands repeatedly) or psychological activities (such as counting) that the patient succumbs to the obsessive-compulsive concept. Obsessive-compulsive behavior is the behavior taken by the patient to suppress or reduce his anxiety, fear and worry.
What are the manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Everybody gets bothered by something occasionally. However, The diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder usually means that obsessive-compulsive thoughts last for more than one hour a day. In addition, obsessive-compulsive thoughts related to obsessive-compulsive disorder neither occur suddenly nor end with a specific event. Moreover, obsessive-compulsive disorder patients are usually not aware of their obsessive-compulsive thoughts, and most patients have multiple obsessive-compulsive thoughts and behaviors.
1. Several manifestations of coercion:
(1) Forced doubt: Repeatedly doubt the correctness of one’s words and deeds, such as repeatedly checking whether the doors and windows are closed and forgetting to bring the key.
(2) Compulsive exhaustion: Knowing that it is meaningless, but thinking over and over again about some meaningless things, such as why the sun is not square?
(3) Forced association: When the patient hears or sees a certain idea or a sentence in his mind, he naturally thinks of another thing.
(4) Forced Memory: Repeated Experiences in Mind
(5) Forced counting: Forced counting of items that can be counted, such as counting passers-by.
2. Several manifestations of coercion:
(1) Compulsive examination: Measures taken by patients to reduce compulsive suspicion, such as repeatedly checking whether they forgot to lock the door.
(2) Forced cleaning: In order to eliminate the fear of dirt or bacterial contamination, fear of being contaminated or polluting others, fear of being contaminated by bacteria, infectious diseases or other environmental factors, fear of being contaminated by people with bad quality and moral integrity.
(3) Forced questioning: In order to eliminate the anxiety caused by suspicion, patients often ask others repeatedly to give explanations.
(4) Obsessive ritual movements: Actions taken by patients to reduce or prevent nervousness caused by obsessive-compulsive concepts. For example, they must go to bed at 10 o’clock every day.
(5) Compulsive slowness: Slow movement due to ritual actions, such as repeatedly checking whether doors and windows are locked before going out, resulting in being late for work.
Some statistics on obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Only about one third of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients have received appropriate drug treatment, and less than 10% have received evidence-based psychotherapy.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder is the fourth common mental disorder after depression, alcohol/drug dependence and social phobia, with a lifelong incidence rate of 1%-3%. The World Health Organization has included obsessive-compulsive disorder as one of the main causes of non-fatal diseases in the world.
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The ratio of males to females in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder is 1: 1. The onset age of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients presents a bimodal distribution, The average age of onset in childhood was 10 years, The average age of onset during puberty or early adulthood is 21 years. The onset age in boys is earlier than that in girls, and the onset of onset after the age of 30 is less common. Among obsessive-compulsive disorder patients who develop childhood, boys are more likely to develop obsessive-compulsive disorder than girls, with a sex ratio of 2: 1 to 3: 1. In contrast, the prevalence ratio of adolescent boys to girls is 1: 1.4.
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In general, the symptoms of OCD gradually worsen with the course of the disease. If the OCD is not treated, the course of the disease usually lasts and the symptoms disappear. Most patients’ symptoms will gradually subside and gradually return to normal within about one year. A few patients’ course of the disease will exceed one year and the disease condition will fluctuate continuously for several years.
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The cause of the disease is unknown at present. According to relevant research and evaluation, 45% ~ 65% of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with childhood onset are heritable, and 27% ~ 47% of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with adolescent or adult onset are heritable.
Other diseases easily misdiagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder
1. Depression: Depression patients often reflect and are easily mistaken for obsessive-compulsive concepts; Depressive reflection is the main manifestation of depression, such as guilt due to self-deficiency or negative self-evaluation.
2. Anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorder is characterized by worry and is easily mistaken for compulsive thinking. Anxiety patients usually pay attention to real-life problems, such as economy, health and relatives, which is not an unrealistic idea for obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.
3. Schizophrenia: Schizophrenia often has delusional beliefs, while obsessive-compulsive disorder is similar, such as refusing to touch the door handle for fear of HIV infection; The difference is that obsessive-compulsive disorder patients clearly know that their thoughts are absurd, but they cannot control their own behaviors, while schizophrenia patients cannot correctly recognize their thoughts and behaviors.
4. ADHD: ADHD patients have the characteristics of attention deficit and procrastination. Obsessive-compulsive disorder patients need to do things well [just right] or in a complete way. Obsessive-compulsive disorder patients cannot complete tasks in time and have obsessive-compulsive retardation, which is easily confused with ADHD. It is important to determine whether attention deficit has spiritual rituals or compulsive thoughts.
Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Randomized controlled trials have proved that exposure and blocking response therapy (ERP) or cognitive therapy is more effective in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. The American Psychiatric Association recommends CBT (including ERP) and SSRIs as safe and effective first-line treatment methods for obsessive-compulsive disorder. The American Association of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry and the American Psychological Association recommend CBT (including ERP) as one of the safe and effective treatment methods for obsessive-compulsive disorder in children, adolescents and adults.
Commonly used drugs include: Paroxetine, Fluvoxamine, Fluoxetine, Cephenopram, Essephopram and sertraline, etc. Patients treated with drugs, The duration of drug maintenance treatment is usually 1-2 years, and then gradually reduced depending on the specific situation. However, drug trials for obsessive-compulsive disorder are mainly short-term drug trials, mainly involving young or middle-aged people, and lack long-term benefit data and risk factors, as well as the use of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in children and the elderly.
Please find a professional to carry out the above treatment, and do not diagnose and treat yourself.
In fact, those around you who say they have obsessive-compulsive disorder do not necessarily have obsessive-compulsive disorder, Most of the time we are trying to find an excuse for ourselves. Find yourself a psychological belonging. While we are laughing and joking, the real obsessive-compulsive disorder patients are trying to hide their symptoms and suffer from the troubles of obsessive-compulsive disorder on life. Maybe there are real obsessive-compulsive disorder patients around you, but you just don’t know. But once found, please understand them and take them to see a doctor immediately.