What happened that night, now I think back will still ooze cold sweat.You got a promotion, He called a group of friends to eat hot pot to celebrate: During the dinner, the seafood was raw and mushroom was tender and smooth. The cup and cup crisscrossed the beer, It was a great joy and joy. After enjoying himself, he went home and fell asleep. Then he fell asleep. But you never thought, In the middle of the night, You were suddenly awakened by an indescribable and unbearable pain. I only felt that there were countless needles in the joint of my big toe. It makes you just want to hold your head and cry. One more look at the sore spot, Even more frightening: The big toe became red and swollen, Accompanied by the burning sensation of stepping on red-hot coal, you are already unable to move, even if the quilt touches the toe lightly will hurt through your heart. The hospital medical certificate says two words: gout. The doctor tells you: you will have to keep company with uric acid lowering drugs for a period of time to come. Moreover, you must pay attention to your diet and keep your mouth shut!
Gout, not just pain
This has to start with the cause of gout. The essence of gout is a disease caused by abnormal purine metabolism leading to an increase in blood uric acid. With the rising concentration of blood uric acid, Serum uric acid eventually forms urate crystals, which accumulate in joints, kidneys and other parts of the human body, triggering inflammatory reactions-the severe pain symptoms described above.
So, if gout is a painful tragedy, Then hyperuricemia is an essential [prequel]. Fortunately, most people will not develop gout even if they suffer from hyperuricemia and enjoy the treatment of asymptomatic patients. But this is actually a probability game-the higher the blood uric acid level, the higher the probability of developing gout in the future.
In addition, the ratio of men to women with hyperuricemia is as high as 20 to 30 to 1. This is because women are protected by high levels of estrogen, which can promote the excretion of uric acid in the human body. Moreover, the onset age of men reaches its peak around 40-50 years old, which is earlier than that of women-the estrogen level of women plummets after menopause, so the onset often occurs after menopause.
Once gout occurs, the consequences go far beyond pain. Long-term gout may lead to chronic gouty arthritis and cause dysfunction, while uric acid nephropathy and kidney stones may even threaten renal function, and serious cases may even develop into renal failure and uremia.
At the same time, don’t think that hyperuricemia in asymptomatic period can rest easy: even without gout, the probability of urinary calculi in hyperuricemia patients is as high as about 20 times that of the general population, and about 20% to 40% of hyperuricemia patients will also develop uric acid nephropathy.
In addition, hyperuricemia is also (gout is even more) a risk factor for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and other diseases.
Now you should not dare to underestimate the enemy.
Gout, How to Avoid High Purine Diet
Serum uric acid comes from purines, and exogenous purines are eaten. Although they only account for about 20% of the total uric acid in the human body, they are still very critical because they are relatively easy to control.
Middle-aged men who are at the peak of their careers and eat a lot outside social parties and dinners, especially those with high blood uric acid, should be especially careful and insist on avoiding high purine diet.
1. Judging High Purine Diet by Taste
Purine is a substance that exists in the nucleus, so basically any food contains purine more or less. Generally, the more cells in food, the higher the purine content correspondingly. On the contrary, even if the food with only one cell, like eggs, is large, the purine level is still very low.
Of course, you are not a fairy and cannot calculate purine content by calculating the number of cells in food. What should you do?
Your taste instinct may help you: one of the characteristics of high purine foods is [fresh], and the more delicious the food, the higher the purine content may be. In fact, purine itself is also one of the indicators of [freshness].
Speaking of which, perhaps you can already guess a thing or two. Yes, yes, animal viscera, a variety of seafood and thick soup gravy are all [classic] high purine foods.
2. Detailed division of purine content in food according to science
However, the feeling is not always reliable. We need scientific standards to make a detailed division of purine levels in food:
The first category: high purine food (100-1000 mg purine per 100 g)
It is mainly composed of animal viscera (especially liver), thick soup gravy (hot pot), fish eggs, sardines, brain, yeast, etc.
Category II: Medium purine food (75-100 mg purine per 100 g)
Freshwater fish such as perch, marine fish such as cod, shellfish, eel and eel, smoked ham, pork, beef, rabbit meat, venison liver, poultry, etc.
The third category: low purine food (purine < 75 mg per 100 g of food)
Herring, tuna, white fish, lobster, crab, oyster, ham, mutton, chicken, cereal, bread, coarse grains, asparagus, cauliflower, green beans, green beans, peas, kidney beans, spinach, dried beans, tofu, etc.
Category IV: Very Low Purine Foods
All kinds of fruits, dried fruits, sugar, eggs, milk, soda, tea, coffee, chocolate, all kinds of oils, peanut butter, jam, etc.
3. Food choice of gout patients (1) Food choice and taboos
Patients with gout and hyperuricemia had better concentrate their daily diet on the third and fourth categories of food, while the first category of food should be avoided.
(2) Choice between animal and plant food
In addition, recent studies have found that: For high purine foods with the same purine level, animal purines are more harmful than plant purines. Although mushrooms do not belong to plants, they are also classified as plant purines. Other epidemiological studies even believe that plant purines seem harmless but beneficial on the contrary. However, this has not been recognized by international authoritative organizations and needs careful observation.
(3) High sugar food deserves vigilance,
It should be pointed out in particular that the fourth category of extremely low purine foods seems very safe, but the high sugar foods contained therein need special vigilance.
Although high-sugar foods and beverages are hardly a concern from the purine point of view, However, recent studies have suggested that high sugar content also has an amazing effect on raising uric acid levels-the more sugar is consumed, The higher the level of uric acid. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is still unclear, but it is enough to warn yourself to reduce the intake of high-sugar foods in your daily life, especially carbonated drinks and other fruit juice soft drinks containing a large amount of high fructose syrup.
(4) Actual intake
In addition, one more thought is needed: although the purine level of food is calculated based on the amount of purine contained per 100g, in the operation of actual health recommendations, the effect of a certain food on gout should not only be examined by numerical comparison, but also the actual intake of this food in food and beverage should be considered.
This is more prominent in another large category of food: alcoholic beverages.
Gout, can I drink alcoholic beverages
The purine content in alcoholic beverages is calculated by how many milligrams of purine are contained per 100 milliliters. According to the data of Gout Consortium, a Japanese public welfare consortium, the purine content of the most common alcoholic beverages in social catering is:
Japanese shochu: almost zero mg/100ml
Whisky: 0.1 mg/100ml
Brandy: 0.4 mg/100 ml
Sake: 1.2 mg/100ml
Wine: 0.4 mg/100ml
Beer: 5-6 mg/100ml Shaoxing wine (yellow wine): 11.6 mg/100ml
It can be seen from this that the general purine problem of high alcoholic alcohol is not big, Wine will do, However, beer and yellow wine are forbidden areas for high-risk groups. Especially beer, Although it is not as good as yellow wine in terms of unit value alone, beer is especially refreshing because its alcohol content is much lower than that of yellow wine and contains carbonic acid vapor. When mixed with visceral meat and seafood, it is very delicious and often cannot help drinking cup after cup, resulting in a much higher overall purine intake than yellow wine.
By the way, Qingdao has the highest incidence rate of gout in the country. Among them, the incidence rate of gout for adult males is as high as 2.2%, far higher than 0.96% in the country. One of the reasons is that Qingdao is close to the sea and rich in seafood, and Qingdao males especially like beer and seafood to eat.
Then the question arises: Is it just because beer and seafood are high purine foods and the total purine amount added together is too high that the eating method of beer and seafood leads to a high incidence of gout?
No, no.
Higher total purine, of course, But there is one more thing many people may not think of: Alcohol will increase blood lactic acid concentration during metabolism in the human body. However, the latter will inhibit uric acid excretion in the kidney. In some people, uric acid excretion is even more inhibited due to ketosis caused by excessive drinking (Binge Drinking). Although the mechanism of alcohol on uric acid needs to be further studied, the role of alcohol in promoting high purine foods has been paid enough attention.
Gout, other lifestyle interventions
There are two more important points.
1. Greatly increase the total daily drinking water, preferably drinking a small amount and many times at a time. Don’t wait until you feel thirsty before drinking water.
The reason is simple: promote uric acid excretion.
But also pay attention to the method:
(1) Drink pure water instead of soft drinks or other beverages such as coffee.
(2) Do not drink at sea before going to bed, so as not to increase kidney burden during sleep.
2. Insist on moderate exercise (but avoid excesses).
Exercise can also promote uric acid excretion and prevent obesity, another risk factor for gout and hyperuricemia.
Finally, I reiterate once again that I must keep my mouth shut.
Avoid high purine foods: animal viscera, seafood fish eggs, thick soup gravy.
Be careful of alcoholic beverages: Avoid beer and yellow wine. Red wine is relatively better.
Drink less beverages: Drink less carbonated beverages and fruit juice soft drinks containing high fructose syrup.
Can understand your mood: these three types of things are really full of charm, how painful it would be if you didn’t touch them!
But you must do it-for your health not to wander in purines!